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Landau Theory for Non-Equilibrium Steady States
by Camille Aron, Claudio Chamon
This is not the latest submitted version.
Submission summary
| Authors (as registered SciPost users): | Camille Aron |
| Submission information | |
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| Preprint Link: | https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.04777v1 (pdf) |
| Date submitted: | Oct. 18, 2019, 2 a.m. |
| Submitted by: | Camille Aron |
| Submitted to: | SciPost Physics |
| Ontological classification | |
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| Academic field: | Physics |
| Specialties: |
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| Approach: | Theoretical |
Abstract
We examine how systems in non-equilibrium steady states close to a continuous phase transition can still be described by a Landau potential if one forgoes the assumption of analyticity. In a system simultaneously coupled to several baths at different temperatures, the non-analytic potential arises from the different density of states of the baths. In periodically driven-dissipative systems, the role of multiple baths is played by a single bath transferring energy at different harmonics of the driving frequency. The mean-field critical exponents become dependent on the low-energy features of the two most singular baths. We propose an extension beyond mean field.
Current status:
Reports on this Submission
Report #1 by Anonymous (Referee 1) on 2019-10-29 (Invited Report)
- Cite as: Anonymous, Report on arXiv:1910.04777v1, delivered 2019-10-29, doi: 10.21468/SciPost.Report.1270
Report
Report on: Landau Theory for Non-Equilibrium Steady States by C. Aron and C. Chamon
This paper by Aron and Chamon addresses the field theoretical description of several cases of driven-dissipative (spin) systems. Different types of non-equilibrium are considered, such as coupling to multiple heat baths which have different temperatures and also driving via a time-periodic external magnetic field. Both cases are generic and there is much interest in studying the ensuing non-equilibrium properties of systems with large numbers of coupled degrees of freedom.
In the paper the authors show how one can derive a corresponding free energy functional from the (standard) self-consistency condition of the behaviour of a single spin in an external field and the mean magnetization of the system. Their treatment applies close to a continuous phase transition and the procedure is clearly explained in equilibrium and then generalized and used in nonequilibrium. Both "bottom-up" and "top-down" approaches are used in order to obtain the functional form the resulting Landau potential.
The authors argue and then for specific cases explicitly derive the corrections to the standard phi^4 free energy and show that these additional terms feature non-analytical power-law dependence on the order parameter. A concluding section contains an enlightening discussion of various substantial points.
The paper contains high quality theoretical work and I recommend publication in SciPost Physics. I summarize three main points and several minor points below and leave it to the authors to address these in order to potentially improve their paper further.
1) A bit more detail around the Lindblad equation (26) and solution (27) would help readability. I guess many readers who have been familiar with the material presented so far will struggle at this point. I would hope that giving a little more background and explanations could help (without having to turn this section into a full-blown tutorial of dissipative quantum dynamics).
2) Could the gradient terms (Sec.5) not also feature new, non-analytical contributions?
3) Would one need additional order parameters in order to describe time-dependent nonequilibrium?
Minor points are the following.
p.7 "The equations (4) and (5) still apply to a non-equilibrium scenario." Concerning (5), I guess this applies only to the first equality. Maybe specify.
p.7 I guess "fully-connected" refers to the sums in (14) running over all pairs, not just next neighbours. Maybe spell this out to avoid any uncertainty.
Beginning of Sec.4.1. Define variable omega. A bit of description of the concept of the hybridization functions would help
Typos: class of of, an homogeneous, can indeed defined.