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SciPost Physics Lecture Notes

Les Houches lectures on non-perturbative topological strings

Marcos Mariño

SciPost Phys. Lect. Notes 112 (2026) · published 27 January 2026 | · pdf

In these lecture notes for the Les Houches School on Quantum Geometry I give an introductory overview of non-perturbative aspects of topological string theory. After a short summary of the perturbative aspects, I first consider the non-perturbative sectors of the theory as unveiled by the theory of resurgence. I give a self-contained derivation of recent results on non-perturbative amplitudes, and I explain the conjecture relating the resurgent structure of the topological string to BPS invariants. In the second part of the lectures I introduce the topological string/spectral theory (TS/ST) correspondence, which provides a non-perturbative definition of topological string theory on toric Calabi–Yau manifolds in terms of the spectral theory of quantum mirror curves.
Les Houches lecture notes on moduli spaces of Riemann surfaces

Alessandro Giacchetto, Danilo Lewański

SciPost Phys. Lect. Notes 111 (2026) · published 22 January 2026 | · pdf

In these lecture notes, we provide an introduction to the moduli space of Riemann surfaces, a fundamental concept in the theories of 2D quantum gravity, topological string theory, and matrix models. We begin by reviewing some basic results concerning the recursive boundary structure of the moduli space and the associated cohomology theory. We then present Witten's celebrated conjecture and its generalisation, framing it as a recursive computation of cohomological field theory correlators via topological recursion. We conclude with a discussion of JT gravity in relation to hyperbolic geometry and topological strings.
Lecture notes on normalizing flows for lattice quantum field theories

Miranda C. N. Cheng, Niki Stratikopoulou

SciPost Phys. Lect. Notes 110 (2026) · published 7 January 2026 | · pdf

Numerical simulations of quantum field theories on lattices serve as a fundamental tool for studying the non-perturbative regime of the theories, where analytic tools often fall short. Challenges arise when one takes the continuum limit or as the system approaches a critical point, especially in the presence of non-trivial topological structures in the theory. Rapid recent advances in machine learning provide a promising avenue for progress in this area. These lecture notes aim to give a brief account of lattice field theories, normalizing flows, and how the latter can be applied to study the former. The notes are based on the lectures given by the first author in various recent research schools.
A short introduction to cosmology and its current status

Pedro G. Ferreira, Alexander Roskill

SciPost Phys. Lect. Notes 109 (2025) · published 24 December 2025 | · pdf

The current cosmological model, known as the $\Lambda$-Cold Dark Matter model (or $\Lambda$CDM for short) is one of the most astonishing accomplishments of contemporary theoretical physics. It is a well-defined mathematical model which depends on very few ingredients and parameters and is able to make a range of predictions and postdictions with astonishing accuracy. It is built out of well-known physics – general relativity, quantum mechanics and atomic physics, statistical mechanics and thermodynamics – and predicts the existence of new, unseen components. Again and again it has been shown to fit new data sets with remarkable precision. Despite these successes, we have yet to understand the unseen components of the Universe and there has been evidence for inconsistencies in the model. In these lectures, we lay the foundations of modern cosmology.
Complexity and accessibility of random landscapes

Sakshi Pahujani, Joachim Krug

SciPost Phys. Lect. Notes 108 (2025) · published 22 December 2025 | · pdf

These notes introduce probabilistic landscape models defined on high-dimensional discrete sequence spaces. The models are motivated primarily by fitness landscapes in evolutionary biology, but links to statistical physics and computer science are mentioned where appropriate. Elementary and advanced results on the structure of landscapes are described with a focus on features that are relevant to evolutionary searches, such as the number of local maxima and the existence of fitness-monotonic paths. The recent discovery of submodularity as a biologically meaningful property of fitness landscapes and its consequences for their accessibility is discussed in detail.

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Physics: High-Energy Physics - Theory • Mathematical Physics • Quantum Physics

Les Houches lectures on non-perturbative Seiberg-Witten geometry

by Loïc Bramley, Lotte Hollands, Subrabalan Murugesan

Version 3 (latest version)
Submitted Dec. 25, 2025, 5:19 p.m. to SciPost Physics Lecture Notes · latest activity: Dec. 30, 2025, 12:30 p.m.
Physics: Gravitation, Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics

Elements of cosmology beyond FLRW

by Pierre Fleury

Version 2 (latest version)
Submitted Oct. 31, 2025, 12:12 p.m. to SciPost Physics Lecture Notes · latest activity: Nov. 17, 2025, 10:59 a.m.
Physics: High-Energy Physics - Theory • Mathematical Physics

Les Houches lecture notes on topological recursion

by Vincent Bouchard

Version 1 (latest version)
Submitted Oct. 9, 2025, 7:10 p.m. to SciPost Physics Lecture Notes · latest activity: Dec. 27, 2025, 2:02 p.m.
Physics: Gravitation, Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics

Probing New Physics Beyond ΛCDM with Large-Scale Structure

by Azadeh Moradinezhad Dizgah

Version 1 (latest version)
Submitted Aug. 11, 2025, 5:58 p.m. to SciPost Physics Lecture Notes · latest activity: Dec. 27, 2025, 2:01 p.m.
Physics: Gravitation, Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics

Numerical Cosmology

by Romain Teyssier

Version 1 (latest version)
Submitted July 29, 2025, 7:03 p.m. to SciPost Physics Lecture Notes · latest activity: Dec. 22, 2025, 1:16 p.m.
Physics: High-Energy Physics - Theory

Les Houches lectures on two-dimensional gravity and holography

by Gustavo Joaquin Turiaci

Version 1 (latest version)
Submitted July 28, 2025, 7:05 a.m. to SciPost Physics Lecture Notes · latest activity: Sept. 10, 2025, 10:40 a.m.

Series contained in this Journal

Efficient numerical simulations with Tensor Networks: Tensor Network Python (TeNPy)

Johannes Hauschild, Frank Pollmann

SciPost Phys. Lect. Notes 5 (2018) · published 8 October 2018 | · pdf

Tensor product state (TPS) based methods are powerful tools to efficiently simulate quantum many-body systems in and out of equilibrium. In particular, the one-dimensional matrix-product (MPS) formalism is by now an established tool in condensed matter theory and quantum chemistry. In these lecture notes, we combine a compact review of basic TPS concepts with the introduction of a versatile tensor library for Python (TeNPy) [https://github.com/tenpy/tenpy]. As concrete examples, we consider the MPS based time-evolving block decimation and the density matrix renormalization group algorithm. Moreover, we provide a practical guide on how to implement abelian symmetries (e.g., a particle number conservation) to accelerate tensor operations.

381 citations
Lecture notes on Generalised Hydrodynamics

Benjamin Doyon

SciPost Phys. Lect. Notes 18 (2020) · published 28 August 2020 | · pdf

These are lecture notes for a series of lectures given at the Les Houches Summer School on Integrability in Atomic and Condensed Matter Physics, 30 July to 24 August 2018. The same series of lectures has also been given at the Tokyo Institute of Technology, October 2019. I overview in a pedagogical fashion the main aspects of the theory of generalised hydrodynamics, a hydrodynamic theory for quantum and classical many-body integrable systems. Only very basic knowledge of hydrodynamics and integrable systems is assumed.

179 citations
Tangent-space methods for uniform matrix product states

Laurens Vanderstraeten, Jutho Haegeman, Frank Verstraete

SciPost Phys. Lect. Notes 7 (2019) · published 15 January 2019 | · pdf

In these lecture notes we give a technical overview of tangent-space methods for matrix product states in the thermodynamic limit. We introduce the manifold of uniform matrix product states, show how to compute different types of observables, and discuss the concept of a tangent space. We explain how to variationally optimize ground-state approximations, implement real-time evolution and describe elementary excitations for a given model Hamiltonian. Also, we explain how matrix product states approximate fixed points of one-dimensional transfer matrices. We show how all these methods can be translated to the language of continuous matrix product states for one-dimensional field theories. We conclude with some extensions of the tangent-space formalism and with an outlook to new applications.

172 citations
Primordial black holes as dark matter candidates

Bernard Carr, Florian Kuhnel

SciPost Phys. Lect. Notes 48 (2022) · published 2 May 2022 | · pdf

We review the formation and evaporation of primordial black holes (PBHs) and their possible contribution to dark matter. Various constraints suggest they could only provide most of it in the mass windows $10^{17}$ - $10^{23}\,$g or $10$ - $10^{2}\,M_{\odot}$, with the last possibility perhaps being suggested by the LIGO/Virgo observations. However, PBHs could have important consequences even if they have a low cosmological density. Sufficiently large ones might generate cosmic structures and provide seeds for the supermassive black holes in galactic nuclei. Planck-mass relics of PBH evaporations or stupendously large black holes bigger than $10^{12}\,M_{\odot}$ could also be an interesting dark component.

132 citations
Phase transitions in the early universe

Mark Hindmarsh, Marvin Lüben, Johannes Lumma, Martin Pauly

SciPost Phys. Lect. Notes 24 (2021) · published 15 February 2021 | · pdf

These lecture notes are based on a course given by Mark Hindmarsh at the 24th Saalburg Summer School 2018 and written up by Marvin L\"uben, Johannes Lumma and Martin Pauly. The aim is to provide the necessary basics to understand first-order phase transitions in the early universe, to outline how they leave imprints in gravitational waves, and advertise how those gravitational waves could be detected in the future. A first-order phase transition at the electroweak scale is a prediction of many theories beyond the Standard Model, and is also motivated as an ingredient of some theories attempting to provide an explanation for the matter-antimatter asymmetry in our Universe. Starting from bosonic and fermionic statistics, we derive Boltzmann's equation and generalise to a fluid of particles with field dependent mass. We introduce the thermal effective potential for the field in its lowest order approximation, discuss the transition to the Higgs phase in the Standard Model and beyond, and compute the probability for the field to cross a potential barrier. After these preliminaries, we provide a hydrodynamical description of first-order phase transitions as it is appropriate for describing the early Universe. We thereby discuss the key quantities characterising a phase transition, and how they are imprinted in the gravitational wave power spectrum that might be detectable by the space-based gravitational wave detector LISA in the 2030s.

129 citations

Physics: High-Energy Physics - Theory • Mathematical Physics • Quantum Physics

Physics: Gravitation, Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics

Physics: High-Energy Physics - Theory • Mathematical Physics

Physics: Gravitation, Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics

Physics: Gravitation, Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics

Physics: High-Energy Physics - Theory

Series contained in this Journal

381 citations

179 citations

172 citations

132 citations

129 citations